With the development of the electric industry and the progress of technology, pumped storage unit continue to develop in the direction of large capacity and higher parameters, its automatic degree becomes higher and higher, and its technology becomes increasingly complex. Therefore, higher requirement is put forward for the technical knowledge, operating level and reaction ability of the operating personnel, which needs the effective training for them. While the training opportunity on the actual pumped storage unit for the operating personnel is becoming fewer and fewer. Not only is it difficult with long cycle and little benefit, but also it is impossible sometimes. In order to improve effectively the professional knowledge, operation skill, reaction ability and proficiency, the full-range and real-time simulation which is divorced form the actual generator is considered more important for the operator to conduct training.
2.Characteristics
The research of large pumped storage unit full-range simulation involves more than one subject field, such as system simulation, computer application, software engineering, network communication, fluid dynamics, transition process, and so on. According to the actual characteristics of the large pumped storage unit in China, the pumped storage unit researched and developed possesses the technical features as following:
1) Based on analysis of main mathematical model and general calculating method of hydro-mechanical transition process in hydro power plant, used the components and nodes which have generalization concept in the software design, the staff analyze the types of the components and nodes, as well as its mathematic model to form the characteristics and commonness of mathematic model to the pressure diversion system.
2) Making use of the strong generalization, excellent openness, full online development and debugging, and friendly interface of START-90 graphical simulation support system, the technical personnel make the system graphical to form automatically pressure diversion system.
3) The characteristic curve total technology is applied in the research of pumped storage unit full range simulation. And the technical personnel have developed all kinds of type’s simulation mathematic model of transition process and condition switching. According to the total characteristics graph of pumped storage unit supplied by the manufacturer, the characteristics table for water turbine of water pump is produced in advance. The characteristics of water turbine / water pump can be demonstrated on the two tables, including unit torque and unit rotating speed, numerical table of guide vane open degree relation；Unit flow and unit rotating speed of water turbine/ water pump, numerical table of guide vane open degree relation. The torque value and flow value can be got through checking the table during every execution period.
The operating condition of the pumped storage unit is more and its working condition switch is complex. There are 3 kinds of working condition for the regular unit, static electricity, electricity generation and power generation phase modulation. While for the pumped storage unit, 5 kinds of basic working conditions are included, static, power generation, pumping water, power generation direction phase modulation, pumping water direction phase modulation. There are 12 kinds of common working condition switching, static/ power generation, static/ power generation phase modulation, static / pumping water, static/ pumping water phase modulation, power generation/ power generation phase modulation, pumping water/ pumping water phase modulation respectively. In addition, there are two special working condition switching pumping water/ power generation, power generation/ pumping water, which can not find in hydropower plant generally.
4) Establishment, Test and verification of Control System
The operating area is large and the working condition changes frequently for the pumped storage power unit. The simulation system can do the parameter setting, control system optimization, intelligent control research, and so on. Different adjusting parameters or control strategies are applied for different operating condition of units, which can guarantee the constant optimization of the operating process and transition process. Therefore, it improves the dynamic characteristics of the adjusting system.
3. Application
The hydropower simulation is mainly used in the teaching training and the training and evaluation for the operating and management personnel in power generation. It improves greatly the working efficiency of the power plant and decreases the productive cost. The developing success of the system facilities substantiality the development and application in design, operation, and maintenance for the hydropower generation and pumped storage power unit of Chinese simulation technology.
